Divine Attributes_Shaykh Huseyn Hilmi Isik(rh)
[MATURIDI]
AS-SIFAT ADH-DHATIYYA
The ulama of Islam said that every discreet male or female Muslim, who has reached the age of puberty, ought to know and believe in the as-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya and as-Sifat ath-Thubutiyya of Allahu ta’ala correctly. It is this which is primarily obligatory (fard) for everybody. Not to know is not an excuse but a sin.
As-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya of Allahu ta’ala are six:
al-Wujud, existence
al-Qidam, being without beginning, and eternal in the past
al-Baqa’, being without end, and eternal in the future
al-Wahdaniyya, having no partner or match
al-Mukhalafatu li-l-hawadith, being dissimilar to every creature in every respect
al-Qiyamu bi nafsihi, self-existence or being un-needy of anything for His existence.
No creature has any of these six attributes, nor any relation with them. They belong to Allahu ta’ala exclusively. Some ’ulama’ said that al-Mukhalafatu li ’l-hawadith and al-Wahdaniyya were the same and that as-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya are five.
The ulama of Islam said that every discreet male or female Muslim, who has reached the age of puberty, ought to know and believe in the as-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya and as-Sifat ath-Thubutiyya of Allahu ta’ala correctly. It is this which is primarily obligatory (fard) for everybody. Not to know is not an excuse but a sin.
As-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya of Allahu ta’ala are six:
al-Wujud, existence
al-Qidam, being without beginning, and eternal in the past
al-Baqa’, being without end, and eternal in the future
al-Wahdaniyya, having no partner or match
al-Mukhalafatu li-l-hawadith, being dissimilar to every creature in every respect
al-Qiyamu bi nafsihi, self-existence or being un-needy of anything for His existence.
No creature has any of these six attributes, nor any relation with them. They belong to Allahu ta’ala exclusively. Some ’ulama’ said that al-Mukhalafatu li ’l-hawadith and al-Wahdaniyya were the same and that as-Sifat adh-Dhatiyya are five.
AS-SIFAT ATH-THUBUTIYYA
We see that the classes of beings are in an astounding order, and science finds out new laws of this order each year. The Creator of this order must be Hayy (Ever-living), ’Alim(All-knowing), Qadir (Almighty), Murid (All-willing), Sami’ (All-hearing), Basir (All-seeing), Mutakallim (All-speaking) and Khaliq (All-creating).
For, death, ignorance, incapability or being disposed under others’ compulsion, deafness, blindness and dumbness are all defects, imperfections. It is impossible that such defective attributes be in Him who has created this ’alam or ka’inat (all beings) in such an order and who protects them against annihilation.
Every being, from atom to stars, has been created with some calculations and laws. The regularity in the known laws of physics, chemistry, astronomy and biology bewilders the human mind. Even Darwin had to say that when he thought of the order and delicacy in the structure of the eye, he felt as if he would go crazy. Is it possible that He who has created all the laws, delicate calculations and formulas taught as scientific knowledge be defective? For, a defective one cannot be Khuda, the Creator.
Let alone these reasonable evidences, ayat-i kerimas and hadith-i-sharifs [1] explain clearly that Allahu ta’ala has the attributes of perfection. Therefore, it is not permissible to doubt it. Doubt causes disbelief. The above-given eight attributes of perfection are called as-Sifat ath-Thubutiyya.
Every being, from atom to stars, has been created with some calculations and laws. The regularity in the known laws of physics, chemistry, astronomy and biology bewilders the human mind. Even Darwin had to say that when he thought of the order and delicacy in the structure of the eye, he felt as if he would go crazy. Is it possible that He who has created all the laws, delicate calculations and formulas taught as scientific knowledge be defective? For, a defective one cannot be Khuda, the Creator.
Let alone these reasonable evidences, ayat-i kerimas and hadith-i-sharifs [1] explain clearly that Allahu ta’ala has the attributes of perfection. Therefore, it is not permissible to doubt it. Doubt causes disbelief. The above-given eight attributes of perfection are called as-Sifat ath-Thubutiyya.
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